Conic Sections in Chromosome Analysis
نویسنده
چکیده
The paper d e s c r i b e s a t e c h n i q u e f o r p r o c e s s i n g a l p h a numer i c c h a r a c t e r s t o remove v a r i a t i o n s o f p o s i t i o n , s i z e and o r i e n t a t i o n . The b a s i s o f t h e t e c h n i q u e i s t h e a u t o c o r r e l a t i o n f u n c t i o n , w h i c h i s g e n e r a t e d b y c o m p a r i n g t h e c h a r a c t e r w i t h i t s e l f f o r a l l p o s s i b l e d i s p l a c e m e n t s o f t h e c h a r a c t e r , and w h i c h i s i n d e p e n d e n t o f t h e p o s i t i o n o f t h e c h a r a c t e r . T h i s f u n c t i o n i s t h e n l o g a r i t h m i c a l l y t r a n s f o r m e d i n such a way t h a t changes i n s i z e o f t h e c h a r a c t e r cause a l i n e a r d i s p l a c e m e n t o f t h e l o g a r i t h m i c f u n c t i o n i n t h e h o r i z o n t a l p l a n e , whereas r o t a t i o n a l movements cause t h e f u n c t i o n t o b e d i s p l a c e d i n t h e v e r t i c a l p l a n e . A second a u t o c o r r e l a t i o n f u n c t i o n i s g e n e r a t e d f r om t h i s l o g a r i t h m i c f u n c t i o n w h i c h removes t h e e f f e c t s o f t h e s e d i s p l a c e m e n t s and g i v e s a n o u t p u t i n d e p e n d e n t o f t h e s i z e and p o s i t i o n and o r i e n t a t i o n o f t h e c h a r a c t e r . The o u t p u t f r o m t h i s sequence i s t h e n passed t h r o u g h a f o r m o f op t imum f i l t e r w h i c h a t p r e s e n t i s used t o d i s t i n g u i s h be tween p a i r s o f s i m i l a r c h a r a c t e r s , b u t w h i c h i n p r i n c i p l e i s e x t e n d a b l e t o d i s t i n g u i s h any l e t t e r f r o m a g i v e n c l a s s o f c h a r a c t e r s .
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